Sunday 20 September 2015

Computer Network - Lesson 05


http://www.aluth.com/2015/07/computer-network-lesson-05.html
mß.Kl cd,lrKh
05 fjks fldgi


mß.Kl lafYa;%fha fkÜj¾lska ms<sn|j oekqu ,nd.ekSu i|yd wm úiska bosßm;a lrk fuu mdvï ud,dfõ ;j;a lreKq /ila 

fï ,smsh u.ska idlÉPd lruq¡ wms miq.sh ,smsfhka fudvï j¾. 3 la .ek i|ykalrd¡ ta.ek jeä ÿrg;a oek.uq¡

  1. Internal modem
  2. External modem
  3. Wireless modem

      1. Internal modem

    fuh mß.Klfha System unit tl ;=, iú lrkq ,nhs' Mother board tl u; we;s PCI slot u.ska fuh mß.Klhg iïnkaO fõ' fuhg wjYH lrk úÿ,shMother board tl 
    u.skau imhkq ,efí¡


    fudvï tl mß.Klhg iïnkaO fjk wdldrh¡

     
      2. External modem

     
    fuh mß.Klhg msg;ska iïnkaO fõ'fuys tla fl,jrla mß.Klhg iïnkaO jk w;r wfkla fl,jr telephone line tlg iïnkaO fõ' thg wjYH úÿ,sh ndysßka imhkq ,efí'






    fuh mß.Klhg iïnkaO fjk wdldrh¡


    3. Wireless modem

    fuu Modem j¾.h Serial port fyda USB port wdOdrfhka mß.Klhg iújk kuq;a wfkla mi wire rys;j .=jka úÿ,s ;rx. fyda Micro waves Tiafia ixksfõok moaO;shg iïnkaO fõ'


    • Bridge
       o;a; ixksfõokfhaÈ mß.Kl cd, ;=< o;a; yqjudrefõÈ we;sjk ;onoh uÕ yrjd .ekSug fhdod.kakd Wmdx.hls' fuys§ isÿ lrkq ,nkafka jeäjk ;onoh u.yrjd .ekSug cd,h fldgia j,g fjka lsÍuhs' Bridge hkq oDvdx. u; l%shdlrk WmlrKhls' fuh Nú; lr cd, lsysmhla iïnkaO l, yels w;r tajdfha ;sìh hq;af;a tlu protocol tlls'


    • Gateway
    fuu Wmx.h cd, fjka lsÍu ioyd Ndú;d jk w;r IP ia:rh u; l%shd lrhs'Gateway tll l%shdldÍ;ajh uDÿldx. u.ska f.dvke.sh yel' fjka lrk ,o cd, u; tlska tlg fjkia Protocol jqjo yeisrùug fuhg yelshdj we;' wdh;ksl mß.Kl cd, ;j;a cd,hlg iïnkaO lsÍfïÈ fuu l%uh wjYH fõ'
    • Router
    fuho cd,h fldgia lsÍug Ndú;d lrkq ,nk Wmdx.hls'kj fufyhqï moaO;s u.ska th iSreudre l< yelsh' LAN lsysmhla we;s wdh;khla wka;¾cd,hg iïnkaO lsÍfïÈ fuh Ndú;d lrkq ,nhs'


    • HUB
    Bus wdldrfha mß.Kl cd,hla ;drld wdldrhg yerùfïÈ HUB hk Wmdx.h Ndú;d lrkq ,nhs'
      
     
    • Repeater
    cd,hla úYd, jk úg we;sjk ÿ¾j, ix{d j¾Ok ioyd Repeater Ndú; fõ'
    • switch
    fuys l%shdldß;ajh HUB tllg iudk jk kuq;a Èhqkq ;dlaIKhla fï ;=, mj;S' HUB tll ldrHho fuu.ska isÿ lrk w;r o;a; j, ;onoh md,kh lsÍu ùfYaIfhkau isÿ lrkq ,nhs'

    o;a; iïfma%Ikh i,lk úg mß.Kl cd, iïfma%Ik udOHh" protocol ydModem hk ixl,amh m%udKj;a jk kuq;a mß.Kl f,dalfha ÈhqKqj;a iu. by;ska olajk ,o BridgeGateway " Router "HUBRepeater "Switch hk Wmdx. Ndú;d lrkq ,nhs' cd, l%ufha mj;sk hï hï ÿ¾j,;d u.yrjd .ekSug ms,shï f,i tu Wmdx. Ndú;d lrhs'





     ;rula úYd, 
    fkÜjlska i|yd fuu fkÜj¾la iaúÜÉ ke;=ju neß fldgils¡

    mß.Kl cd,hl l%shdlÍ;ajh hkq Network card keue;s oDvdx. Wmdx.h u; wod, protocols tl l%shdldÍ ù úúO fiajdjka ioyd u.mE§uhs' fuu l%shdldÍ;ajh ia:r 4lska oelaúh yel'

    1. Application layer
    2. TCP layer
    3. IP layer
    4. Physical layer 

    fuys§ oDvdx. ia:rh Physical layer jYfhka olajk w;r th u; IP l%shd;aul fõ' TCP yd IP hkq uDÿldx. folls' TCP layer tl u; úoHq;a ;eme,a jeksApplication layer l%shd;aul fõ'



    tfykï 
    Thd,g jvd;a jákd f;dr;=re iu.ska ó,. mdvñka yuqfjuq¡ miq.sh mdvï my;ska mSúi n,kak¡