Learn English in sinhala - lesson 04

Tkak wo;a iqmqreÿ mßÈ w¨‍;a'com bx.%Sis mdvu f.kdjd' miq.sh mdvï jf.au fï mdvu;a fydÈka n,d .kak' fo;=ka mdrla yß lshj,d yß wjfndaOfhka hq;=j'

wo wms bf.k .kafka ;j;a ir, English  mdvula' ta ;uhsAuxiliary verbs

wms  jdlH ,shoa§  fïjd wksjd¾hfhkau ´ks' ta ksid fïjg wms helping verbs"helper verbs lsh,;a lshkjd' wms m%:ufhka n,uq Auxiliary verbs lshkafka fudkjo lsh,d'

Definition ^f;areu & } wka;¾jdlHhl  jHldrkuh f;areula fyda lD;H;aul ^functional & f;areula tl;= lsÍug fhdod .kakd jpk fufia yÿkajhs' jHldrkuh f;areula lsh, uka woyia lf¾ ld,fNaoh " o¾Ykh " m%ldr;dj " iajrh jeks foaj,a lshjkakg f;areï .kakkï wksjd¾hfhkau Auxiliary verbs´ksuhs  lshk tlhs 'ks;ru fuh Ndú; lrkafka main verb tl;a tlaluhs'

wms WodyrK álla n,uq'

BE , DO , HAVE   lshkafka fmdÿ Auxiliary verbs 3la' 

1)  I am leaving =   leaving  lshkafka main verb tl ,  am lshkafka Auxiliary verb tl.

2)  She has arrived =arrived lshkafka main verb tl , has lshkafka Auxiliary verb tl.

3)  Do you smoke = smoke lshkafka main verb tl , Do lshkafka Auxiliary verb tl.

DO / DOES / DID

DO  lshk tl wms fmdÿfõ m%Yak yokak;a jdlHl  ke; hk w¾:h fok jdlH yokak;a fhdod .kakjd' DO yd DOES lshk foflau w;S; ld, iajrEmh fmkaùug DID fhdod .kakjd' fïjd kï bf.k .kak mq¿jka fjkafka WodyrK j,skau ;uhs¡


uka WodyrK lshkakï' Thd,d f;areï .kak fo;=kajrla lshj,d

j‍‍hjyrfha mj;akd jdlHh ^ in statements &

•  I do my homework.
• You do the laundry.
• We do the washing up 
• They do yoga.
• He does the work
• She does the cleaning.

m%Yak weiSfï§' ( in Questions )

1) Do I know you ?

2) Do you live here ?

3) Do we have time ?

4) Do they come from Vietnam ?

5) Does she drive the car ?

6) Does he cook the meal ?

ke; hk w¾:h fok  jdlH j,§ ( in Negative form )

• I do not ( I don’t) 
• You do not (You don’t)
•  She does not ( She doesn’t)
•  They do not ( They don’t)

Be = is , am , are  , was , were

Be lshk jpkh Auxiliary verb  tlla  fukau main verb  f,i;a wmsg fhdod .kak mq¿jka ' Be lshk tl Passive Voice jdlH ;ekSug;a fhdod .kak mq¿jka '

is lshk jpkh oeka isÿ fjk fohla úia;r lrkak;a wkd.f;a§ wksjd¾fhka isÿ fjk fohla .ek lshkak;a fhdod .kak mq¿jka' are   lshk Auxiliary verb tl fhdod .kafka they " we  iu.hs

 am yd is lshk fofla w;S;h ioyd  was fhdod .kakjd

you " we iy  they  lshk  subject j,§  wms were Ndú;d lrkjd'

j‍‍hjyrfha mj;akd jdlHh ^ in statements &

1) I am 20 years old    / I was tired a lot

2) You are Sri Lankan / you were my best friend

3) We are waiting     / we were waiting

4) They are excited   / they were excited

5) He / she is cool     / he/ she was cool

m%Yak weiSfï§' ( in Questions )

1) Am I in the right place ?    

2) Are you my new boss?

3) Are we nearly ?

4) Are they the best players in the team?

5) Is She / He is old enough?

ke; hk w¾:h fok  jdlH j,§ ( in Negative form )

• I am not ( I aren’t)     / I was not ( I wasn’t)
•  You are not (You aren’t)
•  We are not (We aren’t)
•  They are not ( They aren’t)  / They were not ( They weren’t)
•  He / She is not ( He / She isn’t)

6       

Have = Has / Had

* Have Ndú;d lrkafka  Present perfect tense j,g 

* Has Ndú;d lrkafka tal jpk tajdg.
* Had  Ndú;d lrkafka  Past perfect tense  j,g

j‍‍hjyrfha mj;akd jdlHh ^ in statements &

• I have a dog 
• You have a girlfriend
• They had a journey
• He / She has a dog
• Kamal had a problem

ke; hk w¾:h fok  jdlH j,§ ( in Negative form )

• I have not ( I haven’t)
• We had not ( We hadn’t)
• She has not
•  He had not
• They have not

wks;a  Auxiliary verbs  lsysmhlakï  Can Could May Might Must Ought Should Would' fïjg wms Modal Verbs lsh,;a lshkjd'

fïjd wms  Ndú;d lrkafka wjYHfhka l< hq;a;la   " l<yels foahla$ úh yels ^Possibility &  " wjYH;djla  ^ Necessity & fmkaùughs'

1) Jack is late , he might be sleeping. ( úh yels )

2) I should clean my room today.( wjYHfhka l< hq;a;la )

3) I must wear a tie to school.( wjYH;djla )

wo mdvu álla wudrehs jf.a ysf;hs t;a wudre kE' Tkak  jdlH ,shk uq,O¾u lshd ÿkak lsh, ys;kak tmd' wms  All Tenses miafia bf.k.uq'

Thd,g fuu mdvï ud,dfõ§ f;afrkafka ke;s hï .eg¿jla tfyu ;sfhkï my;ska odkak;a mq¨‍jka'

wog mdvu wjidkhs Goodbye Friends :)